Of course, the different ingredients are responsible for the taste of the gin. So juniper and several other substances. At the molecular level, however, one group is particularly responsible for the taste, the monoterpenes.
The group of monoterpenes is relatively large. What they all have in common is that they basically consist of two isoprenes (shown above), i.e. 10 carbon atoms. A large number of molecules result from different linkages and arrangements. About 900 different monoterpenes are currently known.
Myrcene, limonene and terpinen-4-ol are mainly responsible for the typical gin taste.